Computer Questions for CBSE -UGC NET Paper I

Computer Questions UGC NET Paper I

In this post, I am sharing the questions on Computer (ICT) topic from previous UGC NET papers. For the benefit of readers, I have also explained the answers of tricky questions. 

Best of Luck for December '15 Examination!!

1 Which number system is usually followed in a typical 32-bit computer ?

(A) 2      (B) 8

(C) 10    (D) 16

2 Which one of the following is an example of Operating System ?

(A) Microsoft Word         (B) Microsoft Excel

(C) Microsoft Access       (D) Microsoft Windows

3 Which one of the following represent the binary equivalent of the decimal number 23 ?

(A) 01011             (B) 10111

(C) 10011             (D) None of the above

4 Which one of the following is different from other members ?

(A) Google          (B) Windows

(C) Linux              (D) Mac

5 Where does a computer add and compare its data ?

(A) CPU              (B) Memory

(C) Hard disk      (D) Floppy disk

6 Computers on an internet are identified by

(A) e-mail address           (B) street address

(C) IP address                 (D) None of the above

7 Which one of the following is not an Internet Service Provider (ISP)?

(A) MTNL                             (B) BSNL

(C) ERNET India                 (D) Infotech India Ltd.

8 The hexadecimal number system consists of the symbols

(A) 0 – 7                               (B) 0 – 9 , A – F

(C) 0 – 7, A – F                   (D) None of these

9 The binary equivalent of (–15) in Decimal form is (2’s complement system is used)

(A) 11110001                      (B) 11110000

(C) 10001111                      (D) None of these

10 1 GB is equal to

(A) 2³⁰ bits                           (B) 2³⁰ bytes

(C) 2²⁰ bits                           (D) 2²⁰ bytes

11 The set of computer programs that manage the hardware/software of a computer is called

(A) Compiler system       (B) Operation system

(C) Operating system     (D) None of these

12 S/MIME in Internet technology stands for

(A) Secure Multipurpose Internet Mail Extension

(B) Secure Multimedia Internet Mail Extension

(C) Simple Multipurpose Internet Mail Extension

(D) Simple Multimedia Internet Mail Extension

13 The octal number system consists of the following symbols :

(A) 0 – 7                               (B) 0 – 9

(C) 0 – 9, A – F                   (D) None of the above

14 The binary equivalent of (–19)10 in signed magnitude system is

(A) 11101100                      (B) 11101101

(C) 10010011                      (D) None of these

15. DNS in internet technology stands for

(A) Dynamic Name System

(B) Domain Name System

(C) Distributed Name System

(D) None of these

16. HTML stands for

(A) Hyper Text Markup Language

(B) Hyper Text Manipulation Language

(C) Hyper Text Managing Links

(D) Hyper Text Manipulating Links

17. Which of the following is type of LAN ?

(A) Ethernet

(B) Token Ring

(C) FDDI

(D) All of the above

Answers:

1. A (A digital computer follows only one number system-Binary whose base is 2)

2. D (Rest all are MS-Office applications)

3. B (Read this post on conversion from one number system to another for explanation) 

4. A (Rest all are operating systems)

5. A

6. C (All computers, mobiles connected to Internet have an IP address to identify them)

7. D

8. B (Read this post for explanation)

9. C (Read this post on conversion from one number system to another for explanation) 

10. A 
(1 KB is equal to 1024 bytes, which is equal to 2^10, 1 MB = 1024 KB, which is 2^20, 1 GB=1024 MB, which is 2^30. 1 TB=1024 GB, which is 2^40)

11. C 

12. A 

13. A (Read this post for explanation)

14. C (Read this post on conversion from one number system to another for explanation) 

15. B
16. A
17. D

Questions from Dec '11 Paper:

1. Which of the following operating system is used on mobile phones ?

(A) Windows Vista

(B) Android

(C) Windows XP

(D) All of the above

2. If (y)x represents a number y in base x, then which of the following numbers is smallest of all ?

(A) (1111)
2 (B) (1111)8

(C) (1111)10 
(D) (1111)16

3. High level programming language can be converted to machine language using which of the following ?

(A) Oracle (B) Compiler (C) Mat lab (D) Assembler

4. HTML is used to create

(A) machine language program

(B) high level program

(C) web page

(D) web server

5. The term DNS stands for

(A) Domain Name System

(B) Defense Nuclear System

(C) Downloadable New Software

(D) Dependent Name Server

6. IPv4 and IPv6 are addresses used to identify computers on the internet. Find the correct statement out of the following :

(A) Number of bits required for IPv4 address is more than number of bits required for IPv6 address.

(B) Number of bits required for IPv4 address is same as number of bits required for IPv6 address.

(C) Number of bits required for IPv4 address is less than number of bits required for IPv6 address.

(D) Number of bits required for IPv4 address is 64.

Answers: 
1. B 
2. A (Smaller base always has smaller value for similar digits)
3. B 
4. C 
5. A 
6. C

Questions from June '12 Paper:

1. Each character on the keyboard of computer has an ASCII value which stands for

(A) American Stock Code for Information Interchange

(B) American Standard Code for Information Interchange

(C) African Standard Code for Information Interchange

(D) Adaptable Standard Code for Information Change

2. Which of the following is not a programming language?

(A) Pascal

(B) Microsoft Office

(C) Java

(D) C++

3. Minimum number of bits required to store any 3 digit decimal number is equal to

(A) 3

(B) 5

(C) 8

(D) 10

4. Internet explorer is a type of

(A) Operating System

(B) Compiler

(C) Browser

(D) IP address

5. POP3 and IMAP are e-mail accounts in which

(A) One automatically gets one’s mail everyday

(B) One has to be connected to the server to read or write one’s mail

(C) One only has to be connected to the server to send and receive email

(D) One does not need any telephone lines

Answers: 1. B 
2. B 
3. D (The biggest number of 3 digits is 999. To convert it into binary, we will need at least 10 binary digits since 2^10=1024 in decimal and 2^8=256 in decimal. So rest of choices are wrong.
4. C 
5. C

Questions from June '13 paper:

1. ‘www’ stands for

(A) work with web

(B) word wide web

(C) world wide web

(D) worth while web

2. A hard disk is divided into tracks which is further subdivided into

(A) Clusters

(B) Sectors

(C) Vectors

(D) Heads

3. A computer program that translates a program statement by statement into machine language is called a/an

(A) Compiler

(B) Simulator

(C) Translator

(D) Interpreter

4. A Gigabyte is equal to

(A) 1024 Megabytes

(B) 1024 Kilobytes

(C) 1024 Terabytes

(D) 1024 Bytes

5. A Compiler is software which converts

(A) characters to bits

(B) high level language to machine language

(C) machine language to high level language

(D) words to bits

6. Virtual memory is

(A) an extremely large main memory.

(B) an extremely large secondary memory.

(C) an illusion of extremely large main memory.

(D) a type of memory used in super computers.
Answers: 
1. B 
2. B 
3. D 
4. A (1 KB = 1024 bytes, 1 MB = 1024 KB, 1 GB = 1024 MB, 1 TB = 1024 GB)
5. B 
6. C (Virtual memory is a technique used by Operating System to treat a portion of hard disk as memory to fit large no. of applications for execution. Since physical memory is not increased, virtual memory is in hard disk and not in RAM. Hence, it is just an illusion of large memory)

Questions from Dec '13 Paper:

1. The initial efforts for internet based communication was for

(A) Commercial communication

(B) Military purposes

(C) Personal interaction

(D) Political campaigns

2. Internal communication within institutions is done through

(A) LAN

(B) WAN

(C) EBB

(D) MMS

3. Virtual reality provides

(A) Sharp pictures

(B) Individual audio

(C) Participatory experience

(D) Preview of new films

4. Which of the following is a social network ?

(A) amazon.com

(B) eBay

(C) gmail.com

(D) Twitter

5. The first virtual university of India came up in
 (A) Andhra Pradesh
 (B) Maharashtra
 (C) Uttar Pradesh
 (D) Tamil Nadu 

Answers:

1. B 

2. A 

3. C 

4. D

5. B (Mumbai University in Maharashtra was the first in India to get Harvard-style virtual classroom in 2013)

Questions from June '14 Paper:

1. When a computer is booting, BIOS is loaded to the memory by

(A) RAM 
(B) ROM
(C) CD-ROM 
(D) TCP

2. Which one of the following is not the same as the other three ?

(A) MAC address

(B) Hardware address

(C) Physical address

(D) IP address

3. Identify the IP address from the following :

(A) 300.215.317.3

(B) 302.215@ 417.5

(C) 202.50.20.148

(D) 202 – 50 – 20 – 148

4. The acronym FTP stands for

(A) File Transfer Protocol

(B) Fast Transfer Protocol

(C) File Tracking Protocol

(D) File Transfer Procedure

5. Which one of the following is not a/an image/graphic file format ?

(A) PNG 
(B) GIF
(C) BMP 

(D) GUI

6. The first web browser is

(A) Internet Explorer

(B) Netscape

(C) World Wide Web

(D) Firefox
Answers:
1. B (BIOS is a program loaded by ROM into RAM) 
2. D (First 3 refer to same kind of address)
3. C (According to IPv4 specification, an IP address is a group of 4 decimal values, each separated by "." character. The valid range of each value is 0-255)
4. A 
5. D (GUI means Graphical User Interface, which refers to the type of user interaction with a computer/gadget)
6. C

Questions from Dec'14 Paper:

1. Which one of the following is not a search engine ?

(A) Google 

(B) Chrome

(C) Yahoo 

(D) Bing

2. CSS stands for

(A) Cascading Style Sheets

(B) Collecting Style Sheets

(C) Comparative Style Sheets

(D) Comprehensive Style Sheets

3. MOOC stands for

(A) Media Online Open Course

(B) Massachusetts Open Online Course

(C) Massive Open Online Course

(D) Myrind Open Online Course

4. Binary equivalent of decimal number 35 is

(A) 100011 

(B) 110001

(C) 110101 

(D) 101011

5. gif, jpg, bmp, png are used as extensions for files which store

(A) audio data 

(B) image data

(C) video data 

(D) text data

6. Symbols A-F are used in which one of the following ?

(A) Binary number system

(B) Decimal number system

(C) Hexadecimal number system

(D) Octal number system

Answers:

1. B 
2. A 
3. C 
4. A 
5. B 
6. C

Paper 1 Notes Series: Number systems (ICT)

Friends!

As I mentioned in one of my previous posts, there will be 6 questions on ICT (Information & Communication technology). Most of times, there are 1-2 questions on the topic of number systems and conversions between different numbers systems. Here, I am going to guide you about how to solve these questions without difficulty. 

Read on....
What is number system?

Number system is a way to represent numbers. There are 2 kinds of systems-1. Non-positional 2. Positional. The best example of non-positional system is Roman number system. In a positional system, a value of each digit in a number can be determined using
1. The digit
2. The position of the digit in the number
3. The base of the number system ("base" is the total number of digits available in the number system).

The examples of positional system are:

1. Binary (Base 2. Digits used : 0, 1)
2. Octal (Base 8. Digits used : 0 to 7)
3. Decimal (Base 10. Digits used : 0 to 9)
4. Hexadecimal (Base 16. Digits used : 0 to 9, Letters used : A- F)

Decimal number system has base 10 as it uses 10 digits from 0 to 9. The successive positions to the left of the decimal point represent units, tens, hundreds, thousands and so on.

Each position in a positional number system represents a "x" power of the base (e.g. 2). Example 2^x where x represents the last position - 1. Similar rule can be applied to Octal and Hexadecimal also.

NOTE: The understanding of the above rules will help you in learning how to convert a number from one base to the another.

There are many methods or techniques which can be used to convert numbers from one base to another. For example:

1. Decimal to Other Base System
2. Other Base System to Decimal
3. Other Base System to Non-Decimal
4. Shortcut method - Binary to Octal
5. Shortcut method - Octal to Binary
6. Shortcut method - Binary to Hexadecimal
7. Shortcut method - Hexadecimal to Binary

The easiest way to understand how the conversion techniques work is to learn a few basic tricks:-

1. When converting a decimal number to others, apply division method

2. When converting a non-decimal number to decimal, apply addition method.

3. Under addition method, we first obtain the value of RHS by first multiplying it with base raised to power X, then adding it with the value at next position.

4. Under division method, we always divide the number in question with the base of the target number system. Its steps are:

Step 1 - Divide the decimal number to be converted by the value of the target base.

Step 2 - Get the remainder from Step 1 as the rightmost digit (least significant digit) of new base number.

Step 3 - Divide the quotient of the previous divide by the new base.

Step 4 - Record the remainder from Step 3 as the next digit (to the left) of the new base number.

Repeat the above steps till the number becomes less than the base of the target. In this case, we will stop when number becomes 1, which is less than the divisor.

1. Here, we give an example of conversion from decimal to binary:

Step	Operation	Result	Remainder
Step 1	35 / 2	17	1
Step 2	17 / 2	8	1
Step 3	8 / 2	4	0
Step 4	4 / 2	2	0
Step 5	2 / 2	1	0
Step 6	1/2	0	1

Now, arrange the remainder in the reverse order so that the first remainder becomes the least significant digit (LSD) and the last remainder becomes the most significant digit (MSD).

Thus the binary of 35 is 100011_2.

The similar steps will be applied when you convert a decimal no. to octal or hexadecimal. The only thing that will change will be the divisor, i.e. it will be the base of target number system.

2. Now, steps for converting From other base system to Decimal System

Step 1 - Determine the column (positional) value of each digit, starting from the rightmost digit first.

Step 2 - Multiply the digit with the base raised to power X (starting from 0, then increment it by 1 at each digit position of source number system.)

Step 3 - Sum the products calculated in Step 2. The total is the equivalent value in decimal.

_{Here is an example to make it simple to understand.}

_{We take the same number we obtained in previous example, i.e. 100011 to convert it back into decimal:}

Step	Binary Number	Decimal Number
Step 1	1000112	( (1 x 25) + (0 x 24) + (0 x 23) + (0 x 22) + (1 x 21) + (1 x 20))10
Step 2	1000112	(32 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 2 + 1)10
Step 3	1000112	3510

3. When converting from other Base Systems to Non-Decimal System, steps will be a little different. 

Step 1 - Convert the original number to a decimal number (base 10).

Step 2 - Convert the decimal number so obtained to the new base number. Example:

Octal Number : 25₈

Calculating Binary Equivalent:

Step 1 : Convert to Decimal

Step	Octal Number	Decimal Number
Step 1	258	((2 x 81) + (5 x 80))10
Step 2	258	(16 + 5 )10
Step 3	258	2110

Octal Number : 25₈ = Decimal Number : 21₁₀

Step 2 : Convert Decimal to Binary

Step	Operation	Result	Remainder
Step 1	21 / 2	10	1
Step 2	10 / 2	5	0
Step 3	5 / 2	2	1
Step 4	2 / 2	1	0
Step 5	1 / 2	0	1

Decimal Number : 21₁₀ = Binary Number : 10101₂

Octal Number : 25₈ = Binary Number : 10101₂

4. Shortcut method - Binary to Octal

Step 1 - Divide the binary digits into groups of three (starting from the right).

Step 2 - Convert each group of three binary digits to one octal digit.

Example: Binary Number: 10101₂

Calculating Octal Equivalent:

Step	Binary Number	Octal Number
Step 1	101012	010   101
Step 2	101012	28   58
Step 3	101012	258

Binary Number: 10101₂ = Octal Number : 25₈

_{5. Shortcut method - Octal to Binary}

Step 1 - Convert each octal digit to a 3 digit binary number (the octal digits may be treated as decimal for this conversion).

Step 2 - Combine all the resulting binary groups (of 3 digits each) into a single binary number.

Example: Octal Number : 25₈

Calculating Binary Equivalent:

Step	Octal Number	Binary Number
Step 1	258	210 510
Step 2	258	0102 1012
Step 3	258	0101012

Octal Number: 25₈ = Binary Number : 10101₂

_{6. Shortcut method - Binary to Hexadecimal}

Step 1 - Divide the binary digits into groups of four (starting from the right).

Step 2 - Convert each group of four binary digits to one hexadecimal symbol.

Example: Binary Number: 10101₂

Calculating hexadecimal Equivalent:

Step	Binary Number	Hexadecimal Number
Step 1	101012	0001 0101
Step 2	101012	110 510
Step 3	101012	1516

Binary Number: 10101₂ = Hexadecimal Number : 15₁₆

_{7. Shortcut method - Hexadecimal to Binary}

Step 1 - Convert each hexadecimal digit to a 4 digit binary number (the hexadecimal digits may be treated as decimal for this conversion).

Step 2 - Combine all the resulting binary groups (of 4 digits each) into a single binary number.

Example: Hexadecimal Number: 15₁₆

Calculating Binary Equivalent:

Step	Hexadecimal Number	Binary Number
Step 1	1516	110 510
Step 2	1516	00012 01012
Step 3	1516	000101012

Hexadecimal Number: 15₁₆ = Binary Number : 10101₂

_{I hope this post will help you understand the concept and you will be able to answer any question on Number System without mistake.}

Best of Luck for December' 15 Exam!!

Indian Polity Facts: Rajya Sabha

Continuing with the study material for UGC NET Paper 1, here, I am presenting some useful facts about Rajya Sabha of our Parliament. These facts may be useful for the questions on Indian Polity (for paper 1)->

• Rajya Sabha was initially called "The Council of States". It was first constituted on 13 May, 1952. It was renamed to "Rajya Sabha" by its chairman on 23 August 1954.
• Dr. S. Radhakrishnan was the first Chairman of Rajya Sabha for two consecutive terms
• Shri Mohammad Hamid Ansari is the current chairman since 11 August 2012.
• The minimum age for being nominated as its member is 30 years.
• The maximum strength of Rajya Sabha is two hundred and fifty (250), of which 238 are to be elected and 12 are to be nominated by the President of India. The actual strength is two hundred and forty five (245), of which 233 are elected and 12 are nominated.
•  The nominated members of Rajya Sabha have a right to vote in the election of the Vice-President of India, they are not entitled to vote in the election of the President of India.
• The allocation of seats in Rajya Sabha to the States is based on population. The maximum representation is of U.P. (31 members) and the minimum is 1 by total 9 states/UTs:
  Arunachal Pradesh, Goa, Manipur, Meghalaya, Mizoram, Nagaland, Puducherry, Sikkim, and Tripura.
• Except of Delhi and Puducherry, Other Union territories are not represented in Rajya Sabha.
• Members of Rajya Sabha are elected by the elected members of the Assemblies of States and Union territories in accordance with the system of proportional representation by means of the single transferable vote.
• Rajya Sabha is not subject to dissolution; It is a permanent body. As nearly as possible, one-third of its members retire every second year.
• The term of a member of Rajya Sabha is 6 years.
• The quorum to constitute a meeting of Rajya Sabha is 1/10 of total members, i.e. 25.
• The Vice-President is the ex officio Chairman of Rajya Sabha. The Deputy Chairman is elected by the members of Rajya Sabha from amongst its members.
• The Chairman too has right to vote; has a casting vote in the case of an equality of votes.
• In Rajya Sabha, generally four methods of voting are adopted: Voice vote, Counting, Division by automatic vote recorder and Division by going into the Lobbies.
• A Minister who is a Member of Lok Sabha has the right to speak and otherwise to take part in the proceedings of Rajya Sabha but has no right to vote in Rajya Sabha and vice versa.
• In legislative matters, Rajya Sabha enjoys almost equal powers with Lok Sabha. However, Money Bills cannot be introduced in Rajya Sabha and are deemed to have been passed if these are not returned to Lok Sabha within fourteen (14) days.
• A Bill is a legislative proposal brought before the House for its approval. 
• The Bills initiated by Ministers are called Government Bills and those introduced by Members, who are not Ministers, are known as Private Members’ Bills. Depending on their contents, Bills may further be classified broadly into:->

1. original Bills which embody new proposals,
2. amending Bills which seek to amend existing Acts,
3. consolidating Bills which seek to consolidate existing law on a particular subject,
4. Expiring Laws (Continuance) Bills which, otherwise, would expire on a specified date, 
5. repealing Bills,
6. Bills to replace Ordinances,
7. Money and financial Bills and
8. Constitution Amendment Bills.

• A Bill passed by both Houses of Parliament becomes an Act only after it has been assented to by the President.